Water Flow Rate Formula:
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Definition: This calculator estimates the volumetric flow rate of water based on the cross-sectional area of flow and the water velocity.
Purpose: It helps hydraulic engineers, plumbers, and water system designers determine water flow rates in pipes, channels, and other conduits.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The flow rate is calculated by multiplying the area through which water flows by the speed of the water.
Details: Accurate flow rate calculations are essential for designing efficient water systems, ensuring proper pipe sizing, and maintaining adequate water pressure.
Tips: Enter the cross-sectional area in square meters and flow velocity in meters per second. All values must be > 0.
Q1: How do I measure cross-sectional area?
A: For circular pipes, use \( A = πr² \). For rectangular channels, use width × depth.
Q2: What's a typical flow velocity in pipes?
A: Domestic water systems typically range from 0.5-2.5 m/s, with 1-1.5 m/s being most common.
Q3: Can this be used for other liquids?
A: Yes, the formula works for any incompressible fluid, though viscosity may affect actual velocity.
Q4: How does pipe diameter affect flow rate?
A: Flow rate increases with the square of the pipe radius, so small diameter changes create large flow effects.
Q5: What units can I use besides metric?
A: You can use any consistent units (e.g., ft² and ft/s will give ft³/s), but metric is standard in engineering.