Pipe Fitting Loss Calculator

Pressure Loss Formula:

\[ \Delta P = K \times \left( \frac{\rho \times V^2}{2} \right) \]

Pressure Loss (ΔP): Pa

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1. What is a Pipe Fitting Loss Calculator?

Definition: This calculator estimates the pressure loss (ΔP) across pipe fittings based on the loss coefficient (K), fluid density, and flow velocity.

Purpose: It helps engineers and designers determine the pressure drop caused by fittings in piping systems.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ \Delta P = K \times \left( \frac{\rho \times V^2}{2} \right) \]

Where:

\( \Delta P \) — Pressure loss (Pascals)
\( K \) — Loss coefficient (dimensionless)
\( \rho \) — Fluid density (kg/m³)
\( V \) — Flow velocity (m/s)

Explanation: The pressure loss is proportional to the square of the velocity and depends on the fitting's resistance characteristics.

3. Importance of Fitting Loss Calculation

Details: Accurate pressure loss estimation ensures proper pump sizing, system performance, and energy efficiency in piping systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the K factor (specific to each fitting type), fluid density (default 1000 kg/m³ for water), and flow velocity. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are typical K values for common fittings?
A: 90° elbow: 0.3-1.4, Tee: 0.4-1.8, Valve: 0.2-10 depending on type and size.

Q2: Why does velocity appear squared in the formula?
A: Pressure loss is related to kinetic energy, which depends on velocity squared.

Q3: What density should I use for other fluids?
A: Use 1000 kg/m³ for water, 800 kg/m³ for oil, or 1.2 kg/m³ for air at standard conditions.

Q4: How do I find the K factor for a specific fitting?
A: Consult engineering references, manufacturer data, or ASHRAE/ASME standards.

Q5: Does this include friction loss in straight pipes?
A: No, this only calculates minor losses from fittings. Use Darcy-Weisbach for pipe friction.