Online Pipe Head Loss Calculator

Head Loss Formula (Darcy-Weisbach):

\[ h_f = f \times \left( \frac{L}{D} \right) \times \left( \frac{V^2}{2g} \right) \]

Friction Factor (f):

dimensionless

Pipe Length (L):

meters

Pipe Diameter (D):

meters

Flow Velocity (V):

m/s

Head Loss (h_f): meters

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1. What is Pipe Head Loss?

Definition: Head loss is the reduction in total head (sum of elevation head, velocity head and pressure head) of a fluid as it moves through a pipe system.

Purpose: This calculator helps engineers and designers determine the energy loss due to friction in pipes, which is crucial for proper pump sizing and system design.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Darcy-Weisbach equation:

\[ h_f = f \times \left( \frac{L}{D} \right) \times \left( \frac{V^2}{2g} \right) \]

Where:

\( h_f \) — Head loss due to friction (meters)
\( f \) — Darcy friction factor (dimensionless)
\( L \) — Length of pipe (meters)
\( D \) — Diameter of pipe (meters)
\( V \) — Average velocity of fluid flow (m/s)
\( g \) — Acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s²)

Explanation: The equation calculates the energy loss per unit weight of fluid due to friction between the moving fluid and the pipe walls.

3. Importance of Head Loss Calculation

Details: Accurate head loss calculations are essential for designing efficient piping systems, selecting appropriate pumps, and ensuring proper fluid flow rates in industrial, municipal, and building systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the friction factor (typically 0.01-0.05 for turbulent flow), pipe length, pipe diameter, and flow velocity. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: How do I determine the friction factor (f)?
A: The friction factor depends on the Reynolds number and pipe roughness. For turbulent flow, you can use the Moody chart or Colebrook equation.

Q2: What units should I use?
A: The calculator uses metric units (meters and m/s). For imperial units, convert to metric first or use a different calculator.

Q3: Does this include minor losses?
A: No, this calculates only major (friction) losses. Minor losses from fittings, valves, etc. must be calculated separately.

Q4: What's a typical flow velocity in pipes?
A: Common design velocities are 1-3 m/s for water systems, but this varies by application and fluid type.

Q5: Can I use this for any fluid?
A: Yes, but the friction factor may vary with fluid properties (viscosity, density). The calculator assumes water-like fluids.