1. What is Flow Rate?

Definition: Flow rate (Q) is the volume of fluid that passes through a given surface per unit time.

Purpose: It's essential in fluid dynamics for designing pipes, channels, and hydraulic systems.

2. How Does the Flow Rate Formula Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( Q \) — Flow rate (cubic meters per second, m³/s)
• \( A \) — Cross-sectional area (square meters, m²)
• \( V \) — Flow velocity (meters per second, m/s)

Explanation: The flow rate equals the area of the pipe/channel multiplied by the average velocity of the fluid.

3. Importance of Flow Rate Calculation

Details: Accurate flow rate calculations are crucial for proper system design, ensuring adequate fluid supply and preventing pressure issues.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the cross-sectional area in m² and flow velocity in m/s. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: How do I measure cross-sectional area?
A: For circular pipes, use A = πr². For rectangular channels, use A = width × height.

Q2: What's a typical flow velocity?
A: In pipes, typical velocities range from 0.5-3 m/s depending on application and fluid type.

Q3: Can I use different units?
A: Yes, but ensure consistent units (e.g., cm² with cm/s gives cm³/s).

Q4: Does this work for gases?
A: Yes, the basic formula applies to both liquids and gases.

Q5: How does pipe diameter affect flow rate?
A: Larger diameter increases area (A), allowing higher flow rates at the same velocity.