1. What is a Flow Through an Orifice Calculator?

Definition: This calculator estimates the volumetric flow rate of liquid through an orifice (small opening) using the orifice equation.

Purpose: It helps engineers and technicians determine fluid flow rates in pipes, tanks, and other systems with orifice restrictions.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( Q \) — Volumetric flow rate (m³/s)
• \( C \) — Discharge coefficient (dimensionless, typically 0.6-0.65)
• \( A \) — Cross-sectional area of the orifice (m²)
• \( g \) — Acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s²)
• \( h \) — Head or height of fluid above the orifice (m)

Explanation: The flow rate depends on the orifice size, fluid head, and the discharge coefficient which accounts for energy losses.

3. Importance of Orifice Flow Calculation

Details: Accurate flow calculations are essential for system design, process control, and equipment sizing in fluid systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the discharge coefficient (default 0.62), orifice area, gravity (default 9.81 m/s²), and fluid head. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the discharge coefficient?
A: It's a dimensionless factor (0-1) that accounts for energy losses and flow contraction through the orifice.

Q2: How do I calculate orifice area?
A: For circular orifices, \( A = \pi \times (d/2)^2 \) where d is diameter.

Q3: What is 'head' in this context?
A: Head refers to the height of the fluid surface above the orifice centerline.

Q4: Can I use this for gases?
A: This simplified version is for incompressible liquids. Gas flow requires additional factors.

Q5: What affects the discharge coefficient?
A: Orifice shape, edge sharpness, Reynolds number, and area ratio all influence C.