1. What is a Differential Pressure to Flow Calculator?

Definition: This calculator estimates the volumetric flow rate of a fluid through an orifice or restriction based on the pressure difference across it.

Purpose: It helps engineers and technicians determine fluid flow rates in piping systems, ventilation systems, and other fluid dynamics applications.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the orifice equation:

Where:

• \( Q \) — Volumetric flow rate (m³/s)
• \( C \) — Discharge coefficient (dimensionless)
• \( A \) — Cross-sectional area of the orifice (m²)
• \( \Delta P \) — Pressure difference across the orifice (Pa)
• \( \rho \) — Fluid density (kg/m³)

Explanation: The flow rate is proportional to the square root of the pressure difference and inversely proportional to the square root of the fluid density.

3. Importance of Flow Rate Calculation

Details: Accurate flow rate estimation is crucial for system design, performance evaluation, and troubleshooting in fluid systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips:

• Typical discharge coefficient (C) is 0.62 for sharp-edged orifices
• For water at 20°C, density (ρ) is approximately 1000 kg/m³
• All values must be > 0

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the discharge coefficient?
A: It's a dimensionless number that accounts for energy losses and flow contraction through the orifice (typically 0.6-0.9).

Q2: How do I measure the pressure difference?
A: Use a differential pressure gauge or two pressure taps connected to a manometer.

Q3: Does this work for gases?
A: Yes, but ensure you use the correct density for the gas at operating conditions.

Q4: What if my orifice isn't circular?
A: Use the actual cross-sectional area of your orifice shape in the calculation.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: It provides a theoretical estimate. Real-world factors like turbulence, viscosity, and temperature may affect actual flow.