1. What is Pressure Head of Water?

Definition: Pressure head is the height of a liquid column that corresponds to a particular pressure exerted by the liquid.

Purpose: It's used in fluid mechanics and hydraulics to convert between pressure and equivalent height of water column.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( h \) — Pressure head (meters)
• \( P \) — Pressure (Pascals)
• \( \rho \) — Water density (kg/m³, default 1000)
• \( g \) — Gravity (m/s², default 9.81)

Explanation: The pressure is divided by the product of water density and gravitational acceleration to get the equivalent height of water column.

3. Importance of Pressure Head Calculation

Details: Pressure head calculations are essential in designing water supply systems, hydraulic engineering, and understanding fluid behavior in pipes and tanks.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the pressure in Pascals, water density (default 1000 kg/m³), and gravity (default 9.81 m/s²). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the typical value for water density?
A: Pure water at 4°C has a density of 1000 kg/m³. This value decreases slightly with increasing temperature.

Q2: Why is gravity included in the calculation?
A: Gravity is necessary because pressure in a fluid is directly related to the weight of the fluid column above it.

Q3: What units should the pressure be in?
A: The calculator expects pressure in Pascals (Pa). 1 kPa = 1000 Pa, 1 bar = 100,000 Pa.

Q4: How does temperature affect the calculation?
A: Higher temperatures slightly decrease water density (about 0.2% per 1°C at room temperature), which would slightly increase the pressure head.

Q5: Can this be used for other liquids?
A: Yes, but you must use the correct density for the specific liquid you're working with.