Air Flow Formula:
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Definition: This calculator determines the volumetric flow rate of air through an orifice based on the pressure difference across the orifice.
Purpose: It's essential for HVAC system design, pneumatic systems, and any application involving air flow through restricted openings.
The calculator uses the orifice flow equation:
Where:
Explanation: The flow rate depends on the orifice size, pressure difference, and the discharge coefficient which accounts for flow characteristics.
Details: Accurate flow calculations ensure proper system performance in ventilation, compressed air systems, and fluid control applications.
Tips: Enter the discharge coefficient (default 0.62 for sharp-edged orifice), orifice area, pressure difference, and air density (default 1.225 kg/m³ at sea level). All values must be > 0.
Q1: What is a typical discharge coefficient value?
A: For sharp-edged orifices, C ≈ 0.62. For rounded orifices, it can be higher (0.7-0.9).
Q2: How do I calculate orifice area?
A: For circular orifices, A = π × (diameter/2)². Convert diameter to meters for this calculator.
Q3: What affects air density?
A: Density changes with altitude (pressure) and temperature. Standard air density is 1.225 kg/m³ at 15°C and sea level.
Q4: Can this be used for other gases?
A: Yes, but you must use the correct density for the specific gas.
Q5: What if my pressure difference is very small?
A: For ΔP < 10% of absolute pressure, consider using incompressible flow equations instead.